Life may not be easy for first-time buyers. You do, however, potentially benefit from several government schemes. That said, it’s vital to understand what these mean in practice. They have potential drawbacks as well as advantages. With that in mind, here is a quick rundown of the main options.
The Lifetime ISA
The Lifetime ISA is essentially a government-boosted savings scheme. You can save up to £4K each (tax) year and get a 25% bonus added. In other words, you can get up to an extra £1K per year.
Lifetime ISAs can only be used either for the purchase of a first home or to finance retirement. If you withdraw funds for any other reason, there is a 25% penalty applied to the whole sum. This means that you are effectively charged to withdraw the money you put in.
For example, you pay in £4K and get the £1K bonus. You then need to withdraw your money. The 25% penalty is £1250 so you lose £250 of your own money. This may be amended in future. For the time being, however, it is a consideration you should keep in mind.
The Mortgage-Guarantee scheme
This is often known as the 95%-Mortgage scheme and is essentially a reboot of the old Help-to-Buy scheme. It works along the same lines. If buyers can put down a 5% discount, the government will guarantee up to 15% of the remaining mortgage. This means that the effective loan-to-vehicle rate is 80% rather than 95%.
Keep in mind, however, that this guarantee is for the lenders rather than the borrowers. In other words, if you default, they will be protected to the extent of the guarantee. You will still have to deal with the standard consequences of default.
The Help-to-Buy Equity-Loan scheme V2
This is essentially the same as the original Help-to-Buy Equity Loan scheme. The two main differences are that it is only open to first-time buyers and that it has regional price caps. In short, if you can put together a 5% deposit, you can borrow up to 20% of the purchase price of your home from the government. You need to get a standard mortgage for the reminder.
There are, however, three key points to remember. Firstly, the Help-to-Buy Equity-Loan scheme V2 is only available on new-builds. Secondly, the government will own an equivalent stake in your home. This means that any increase in your home’s value will result in you paying more to buy out the government’s stake in it.
Thirdly, if you can’t repay the loan within 5 years, you will have to pay interest on it. Currently, any repayment has to be at least 10% of the home’s market value at that point. If you can’t afford that, then you will have to keep paying interest on the full amount until you can (or you sell).
The First-Homes scheme
The First-Homes scheme currently only applies in England. It offers first-time buyers a discount of 30%-50% on new-build properties. The standard discount is 30% but local authorities have the option to increase this to a maximum of 50% as long as they can justify the decision. The discount must be passed on to any future buyers.
There is a price cap of £250K outside London and £420K inside London. There is also an earnings cap on candidates of £80KPA outside London and £90KPA inside London. Local authorities have the option to prioritize certain groups of first-time buyers for the first three months of property marketing. After this, they must allow any qualifying application.
The main potential disadvantage of the First-Homes scheme is that it may be very hard for regular first-time buyers to qualify for it. For example, local authorities may use it to encourage key workers to stay in higher-cost areas.
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